Sakai S
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan.
Yakugaku Zasshi. 1995 May;115(5):351-69. doi: 10.1248/yakushi1947.115.5_351.
Up to now, more than two thousands indole alkaloids having structural variety have been found from the three families of Gentianales: Loganiaceae, Apocynaceae, and Rubiaceae plants. These compounds generally possess characteristic biological activities and many of them are utilized for the medicinal purpose and for the lead-compounds to develop new synthetic drugs. The author of this review has been investigated the alkaloidal constituents of the above mentioned plants native to Japan and overseas countries. Especially, a cooperative work with Thai researchers concerning the plants in Thailand was developed. On the basis of biogenetic consideration of the structures of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, chemical bond cleavage between the C3-N4 linkage in the C/D ring of indole alkaloids was discovered. It was speculated that, either in biogenesis, the flexibility of the ring-opening compounds having ten membered ring enabled the construction of indole alkaloids having highly strained polycyclic structures. Along with this conception, the syntheses of structurally complex indole alkaloids utilizing a biomimetic procedure have been investigated. In this review, recent results on the chemical synthesis of many skeletally varied Gelsemium alkaloids (Loganiaceae plant) are mainly described.
到目前为止，已从龙胆目三个科的植物中发现了两千多种结构多样的吲哚生物碱：马钱科、夹竹桃科和茜草科植物。这些化合物通常具有独特的生物活性，其中许多被用于药用目的以及作为开发新合成药物的先导化合物。本综述的作者对上述原产于日本和其他国家的植物中的生物碱成分进行了研究。特别是，与泰国研究人员就泰国的植物开展了合作研究。基于对单萜吲哚生物碱结构的生源学考虑，发现了吲哚生物碱C/D环中C3-N4键之间的化学键断裂。据推测，在生物合成过程中，具有十元环的开环化合物的灵活性使得能够构建具有高度张力多环结构的吲哚生物碱。基于这一概念，人们对利用仿生方法合成结构复杂的吲哚生物碱进行了研究。在本综述中，主要描述了许多骨架各异的钩吻生物碱（马钱科植物）化学合成的最新成果。
