Fayers P M, Machin D
Br J Cancer. 1995 Jul;72(1):1-9. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1995.268.
The need for sample size calculations is briefly reviewed: many of the arguments against small trials are already well known, and we only cursorily repeat them in passing. Problems that arise in the estimation of sample size are then discussed, with particular reference to survival studies. However, most of the issues which we discuss are equally applicable to other types of study. Finally, prognostic factor analysis designs are discussed, since this is another area in which experience shows that far too many studies are of an inadequate size and yield misleading results.
许多反对小型试验的论据已广为人知，我们只是顺便简要重复一下。然后讨论了样本量估计中出现的问题，特别提及生存研究。然而，我们讨论的大多数问题同样适用于其他类型的研究。最后，讨论了预后因素分析设计，因为在这一领域，经验表明有太多研究规模不足且得出误导性结果。
