Simmons S
South Devon Healthcare, Edith Morgan Centre, Torbay Hospital, Lawes Bridge, Torquay, England.
J Adv Nurs. 1995 May;21(5):837-44. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1995.21050837.x.
It is generally accepted in many areas of research, including nursing research, that decisions about research methods should be informed by the nature of the research question; that the research question will indicate what approach and methods should be used. However, it is arguable that this over-simplifies the process of decision-making. It is suggested that the axiom that question determines approach and method overlooks the influence of the researcher's personal worldview in such decisions. This paper seeks to examine some of the elements of the process of moving from underlying philosophy to research design and strategies, by exploring the concept of paradigm, features of this researcher's worldview, and the principles and processes which influence decisions about the research. The process is illustrated by reference to features of a study into the work of community psychiatric nurses in relation to the quality of life and social networks of their clients with enduring mental health problems.
在包括护理研究在内的许多研究领域，人们普遍认为，关于研究方法的决策应以研究问题的性质为依据；研究问题将表明应采用何种方法和手段。然而，可以说这将决策过程过于简化了。有人认为，问题决定方法和手段这一公理忽视了研究者个人世界观在这类决策中的影响。本文旨在通过探讨范式的概念、该研究者世界观的特点以及影响研究决策的原则和过程，审视从基本理念到研究设计及策略这一过程的一些要素。文中通过一项关于社区精神科护士针对患有持久性心理健康问题的患者的生活质量和社交网络所开展工作的研究特点进行举例说明。
