Wexler H K
J Psychoactive Drugs. 1995 Jan-Mar;27(1):57-66. doi: 10.1080/02791072.1995.10471673.
Residential treatment provides opportunities for intensive interventions and support that may not be present in outpatient settings. In the area of substance abuse treatment, the therapeutic community (TC) has become synonymous with residential treatment. A growing body of prison TC outcome research has led to recent acceptance of prison TCs as a major innovation in American correctional institutions. An overview of prison TC outcome research is provided and the emergence of the TC as the primary substance abuse treatment modality in prison is described. The self-help orientation that provides the basis for both residential and 12-Step substance abuse treatment programs is described and contrasted with the relapse recovery model. The theoretical principles of the TC model are discussed and two main variants of the prison TC model are described and contrasted. Finally, recommendations are offered for expanding the TC approach and increasing its effectiveness by treating comorbid problems that are prevalent among prison inmates with substance abuse problems.
住院治疗提供了强化干预和支持的机会，而门诊治疗可能无法提供这些。在药物滥用治疗领域，治疗社区（TC）已成为住院治疗的代名词。越来越多关于监狱治疗社区效果的研究使得监狱治疗社区最近被美国惩教机构视为一项重大创新。本文提供了监狱治疗社区效果研究的概述，并描述了治疗社区作为监狱主要药物滥用治疗方式的出现。描述了为住院治疗和12步药物滥用治疗项目提供基础的自助导向，并将其与复发恢复模型进行了对比。讨论了治疗社区模型的理论原则，描述并对比了监狱治疗社区模型的两种主要变体。最后，针对扩大治疗社区方法并通过治疗药物滥用问题的监狱囚犯中普遍存在的共病问题来提高其有效性提出了建议。
