Arch Fam Med. 1995 Jul;4(7):617-24. doi: 10.1001/archfami.4.7.617.
To characterize breast and cervical cancer screening rates in selected underserved populations and to compare the rates with objectives for the year 2000.
Six random-sample surveys were conducted in underserved populations between 1991 and 1993. Two of the surveys were random-digit-dial telephone surveys; four were conducted using in-person interviews.
The studies were conducted in the following target populations: (1) low-income and minority women residing in urban areas in Minnesota, Rhode Island, and North Carolina; (2) Hispanic women residing in urban communities in Texas; and (3) women residing in rural West Virginia and Wisconsin.
A total of 6648 noninstitutionalized women aged 40 years or older were interviewed.
Self-reported knowledge and practices related to mammograms and Papanicolaou smears.
Between 35% and 79% of women had ever had a mammogram, and between 27% and 66% reported having a mammogram in the past 2 years. Between 82% and 95% of women had ever had a Papanicolaou smear, and between 55% and 74% reported having a Papanicolaou smear in the past 3 years. Women with low levels of education, below 200% of the poverty level, with no health insurance, 80 years or older, residing in Appalachian West Virginia, and Hispanic women residing in urban Texas have the farthest to go to reach the cancer screening objectives for the year 2000.
Although access to health care is high among the women studied, screening rates are uneven. Objectives for the year 2000 clearly are attainable for some populations of underserved women, though much work needs to be done if objectives are to be met for all subgroups.
描述特定服务不足人群的乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查率，并将这些比率与2000年的目标进行比较。
1991年至1993年间在服务不足人群中进行了六项随机抽样调查。其中两项调查是随机数字拨号电话调查；四项是通过面对面访谈进行的。
研究在以下目标人群中进行：（1）居住在明尼苏达州、罗德岛州和北卡罗来纳州城市地区的低收入和少数族裔妇女；（2）居住在德克萨斯州城市社区的西班牙裔妇女；（3）居住在西弗吉尼亚州和威斯康星州农村的妇女。
共采访了6648名40岁及以上的非机构化妇女。
自我报告的与乳房X光检查和巴氏涂片检查相关的知识和做法。
35%至79%的妇女曾进行过乳房X光检查，27%至66%的妇女报告在过去两年内进行过乳房X光检查。82%至95%的妇女曾进行过巴氏涂片检查，55%至74%的妇女报告在过去三年内进行过巴氏涂片检查。教育水平低、收入低于贫困线200%、没有医疗保险、80岁及以上、居住在阿巴拉契亚西弗吉尼亚州的妇女以及居住在德克萨斯州城市的西班牙裔妇女距离实现2000年癌症筛查目标差距最大。
尽管在所研究的妇女中获得医疗保健的机会较高，但筛查率并不均衡。2000年的目标对于某些服务不足的妇女群体显然是可以实现的，不过要想所有亚组都实现目标，还需要做大量工作。
