Kepes J J, Malone D G, Griffin W, Moral L A, Yarde W L, Jones S
Department of Pathology, University of Kansas, College of Health Sciences and Hospital, Kansas City 66160-7410, USA.
Clin Neuropathol. 1995 Mar-Apr;14(2):86-92.
In surgically excised brain tissue a very common artefact, unrelated to the presence or absence of a genuine pathological process, involves the water content of cortical neurons. Nerve cells may show massive watery swelling of both their cytoplasm and nuclei or conversely may become shrunken and dark-staining. The most important aspect of this alteration is that it may lead to mistaken histopathological interpretation, but the question also arises whether such changes, presumably caused by exposure, touch, pressure or the combination of all 3, in the living patient, would persist after surgery and would eventually result in irreversible damage to the involved neurons? Thirty rats were operated in this experiment: craniotomy and opening of the dura mater was done over one convexity and slight pressure (uniformly calibrated for all animals) was applied to the exposed cortex. The wound was closed and the animals were sacrificed at various intervals, ranging from immediately after the operation to 6 weeks. The areas that suffered compression were examined by light and electron microscopy. Initial changes included marked watery swelling of neuronal perikarya and nuclei which predominated over pyknotic changes. The changes thus produced were identical with those seen in portions of the cortex excised immediately after pressure was applied to the area in 10 additional rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在手术切除的脑组织中，一种与真正病理过程的有无无关的非常常见的假象涉及皮质神经元的含水量。神经细胞的细胞质和细胞核可能会出现大量水样肿胀，或者相反，可能会萎缩并染色加深。这种改变最重要的方面是它可能导致错误的组织病理学解释，但问题也随之而来，即在活体患者中，这种可能由暴露、触摸、压力或三者共同作用引起的变化，在手术后是否会持续存在，并最终导致所涉及神经元的不可逆损伤？在本实验中对30只大鼠进行了手术：在一个脑凸面进行开颅和硬脑膜切开，并对暴露的皮质施加轻微压力（对所有动物进行统一校准）。伤口缝合，动物在从手术后立即到6周的不同时间间隔处死。对受压区域进行光镜和电镜检查。最初的变化包括神经元胞体和细胞核明显的水样肿胀，其程度超过核固缩变化。这样产生的变化与在另外10只大鼠中对该区域施加压力后立即切除的部分皮质中所见的变化相同。（摘要截短于250字）
