Pannuti C S, Grinbaum R S
Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1995 Mar;16(3):170-4. doi: 10.1086/647080.
Brazil is the largest country in Latin America, with a population of 146 million people. The socioeconomic development and the distribution of population and health services varies widely within the country. There are approximately 1.2 million hospital admissions per month, 80% of them paid by a government healthcare program that follows the diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) model. The Ministry of Health has been trying to establish a nationwide nosocomial infection control program since 1983. Most Brazilian hospitals now have some kind of infection control activity, but only a few of them have complete programs. Infrastructural deficiencies, the scarcity of well-trained healthcare workers, and the widespread occurrence of multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria are some of the challenges faced by Brazilian hospitals in the control of nosocomial infection.
巴西是拉丁美洲最大的国家，人口达1.46亿。该国的社会经济发展以及人口与卫生服务的分布差异很大。每月约有120万例住院病例，其中80%由遵循诊断相关分组（DRGs）模式的政府医疗保健计划支付费用。自1983年以来，卫生部一直在努力建立全国性的医院感染控制计划。现在，大多数巴西医院都开展了某种感染控制活动，但只有少数医院有完整的计划。基础设施不足、训练有素的医护人员短缺，以及多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌和革兰氏阴性菌的广泛出现，是巴西医院在控制医院感染方面面临的一些挑战。
