Neugarten J, Silbiger S R
Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.
Am J Kidney Dis. 1995 Jul;26(1):147-51. doi: 10.1016/0272-6386(95)90168-x.
Male gender is associated with a more rapid progression of chronic renal disease. In various experimental models of renal injury, manipulation of the hormonal milieu can replicate the effects of gender on the course of renal disease. These observations suggest that sex hormones per se may be important determinants of the greater susceptibility of the male kidney to progressive renal injury. Sex hormones may influence many of the processes implicated in the pathogenesis of renal disease progression, including cell proliferation and the synthesis and degradation of collagen and proteoglycans. In addition, sex hormones may indirectly influence these processes by modulating the synthesis and release of vasoactive agents, cytokines, and other growth factors, which in turn are capable of altering mesangial cell function. Finally, estrogens also exert potent antioxidant effects that may contribute to the protective effect of female gender on the course of renal disease.
男性与慢性肾病进展更快有关。在各种肾损伤实验模型中，调节激素环境可重现性别对肾病病程的影响。这些观察结果表明，性激素本身可能是男性肾脏对进行性肾损伤更易感性的重要决定因素。性激素可能影响肾病进展发病机制中涉及的许多过程，包括细胞增殖以及胶原蛋白和蛋白聚糖的合成与降解。此外，性激素可能通过调节血管活性物质、细胞因子和其他生长因子的合成与释放来间接影响这些过程，而这些物质反过来又能够改变系膜细胞功能。最后，雌激素还具有强大的抗氧化作用，这可能有助于女性性别对肾病病程的保护作用。
