Keetch D W, Moore S, Shea L
Washington University Medical School, Barnes Hospital, St. Louis, USA.
AORN J. 1995 May;61(5):807-13; quiz 816-7, 819-20. doi: 10.1016/s0001-2092(06)63712-5.
A new surgical procedure, cryosurgical ablation of the prostate, offers patients with organ-confined prostate cancer another treatment option. The advantages of this cryosurgical technique are complete ablation of prostatic cancers without radical prostatectomy procedures, less blood loss, decreased hospital stays, reduced health care costs, and minimal associated morbidity. Some possible complications of cryosurgical ablation of the prostate procedures include incontinence, impotence, rectal freezing from inadequate monitoring of the freezing process, urethrocutaneous and urethrorectal fistula formations, and urethral tissue sloughing. The intraoperative nurse's prime responsibility is to monitor the subfreezing temperatures of the cryoprobes. Postoperatively, patients have only a few perineal incisions covered with sterile dressings and a suprapubic catheter. Most patients have minimal discomfort that is managed easily with opiate analgesics.
一种新的外科手术——前列腺冷冻消融术，为患有局限性前列腺癌的患者提供了另一种治疗选择。这种冷冻外科技术的优点是无需进行根治性前列腺切除术即可完全消融前列腺癌，失血更少，住院时间缩短，医疗费用降低，且相关发病率极低。前列腺冷冻消融术可能出现的一些并发症包括尿失禁、阳痿、因冷冻过程监测不足导致的直肠冻伤、尿道皮肤瘘和尿道直肠瘘形成，以及尿道组织脱落。术中护士的主要职责是监测冷冻探头的亚冰点温度。术后，患者只有几个会阴部切口覆盖着无菌敷料以及一根耻骨上导尿管。大多数患者仅有轻微不适，使用阿片类镇痛药即可轻松缓解。
