Secondary prevention, in the form of regular screenings, is the most effective approach to early detection of breast and cervical cancer. 2. Women over 50 years of age are at increased risk for breast and cervical cancer, yet a disproportionate number of these women do not receive screening for breast and cervical cancer. 3. A protocol, in the form of a flowchart, can be used as an assessment tool to determine a client's status, needs, progress, and direction for future health care.