A 13 year review of childhood lead poisoning in Christchurch and Nelson.

AIMS

To find the sources of lead currently poisoning people in Christchurch and Nelson and to review the presentation, epidemiology and symptoms of children with lead poisoning.

METHODS

Forty seven people were admitted to hospital in Christchurch and Nelson during the 13 year period January 1981-March 1994 a retrospective case note review was performed.

RESULTS

Thirty four children and 13 adults had elevated lead levels. Lead based paint was the main source of lead for children requiring treatment. Most children were asymptomatic or had no specific signs and symptoms. In most cases the diagnosis was not made on clinical grounds.

CONCLUSIONS

Excessive lead absorption requiring hospital treatment is now most commonly seen in children. It is likely that many cases of significant lead poisoning are currently being overlooked. Medical practitioners and parents need to be made more aware of the problem. Targeted screening or population screening may be needed. Governmental efforts need to be focused on protecting children from lead exposure in the home.