Huang W J, Creath C J
University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
Pediatr Dent. 1995 May-Jun;17(3):171-9.
A midline diastema usually is part of normal dental development during the mixed dentition. However, several factors can cause a diastema that may require intervention. An enlarged labial frenum has been blamed for most persistent diastemas, but its etiologic role now is understood to represent only a small proportion of cases. Other etiologies associated with diastemas include oral habits, muscular imbalances, physical impediments, abnormal maxillary arch structure, and various dental anomalies. Effective diastema treatment requires correct diagnosis of its etiology and intervention relevant to the specific etiology. Correct diagnosis includes medical and dental histories, radiographic and clinical examinations, and possibly tooth-size evaluations. Appropriate treatment modalities have been described. Timing often is important to achieve satisfactory results. Removal of the etiologic agent usually can be initiated upon diagnosis and after sufficient development of the central incisors. Tooth movement usually is deferred until eruption of the permanent canines, but can begin early in certain cases with very large diastemas.
中线间隙通常是混合牙列期正常牙齿发育的一部分。然而，有几个因素可导致间隙，可能需要进行干预。大多数持续性间隙被归咎于唇系带增宽，但其病因学作用现在被认为仅占少数病例。与间隙相关的其他病因包括口腔习惯、肌肉失衡、身体障碍、上颌牙弓结构异常以及各种牙齿异常。有效的间隙治疗需要正确诊断其病因并针对具体病因进行干预。正确的诊断包括病史和牙科病史、影像学和临床检查，可能还包括牙齿大小评估。已经描述了适当的治疗方式。时机通常对于取得满意的结果很重要。病因去除通常可在诊断后且中切牙充分发育后开始。牙齿移动通常推迟到恒牙尖牙萌出，但在某些间隙非常大的情况下可以早期开始。
