Temmerman M, Ndinya-Achola J, Ambani J, Piot P
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
Lancet. 1995 Apr 15;345(8955):969-70. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(95)90707-6.
Large numbers of pregnant women in Africa have been invited to participate in studies on HIV infection. Study protocols adhere to guidelines on voluntary participation after pre-test and post-test counselling and informed consent; nevertheless, women may consent because they have been asked to do so without fully understanding the implications of being tested for HIV. Our studies in Nairobi, Kenya, show that most women tested after giving informed consent did not actively request their results, less than one third informed their partner, and violence against women because of a positive HIV-antibody test was common. It is important to have carefully designed protocols weighing the benefits against the potential harms for women participating in a study. Even after having consented to HIV testing, women should have the right not to be told their result.
非洲大量孕妇被邀请参与关于艾滋病毒感染的研究。研究方案遵循了关于在检测前和检测后咨询及知情同意后自愿参与的指导原则；然而，女性可能会同意，因为她们是在没有充分理解接受艾滋病毒检测的影响的情况下被要求这样做的。我们在肯尼亚内罗毕的研究表明，大多数在给予知情同意后接受检测的女性并没有主动询问检测结果，不到三分之一的女性告知了伴侣，而且因艾滋病毒抗体检测呈阳性而对女性实施暴力的情况很常见。制定经过精心设计的方案，权衡参与研究对女性的潜在益处和潜在危害非常重要。即使在同意进行艾滋病毒检测后，女性也应有权不被告知检测结果。
