Tiller J, Schmidt U, Ali S, Treasure J
Maudsley Hospital, London, UK.
Int J Eat Disord. 1995 May;17(4):365-71. doi: 10.1002/1098-108x(199505)17:4<365::aid-eat2260170408>3.0.co;2-a.
The level and direction of hostility in patients with bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa and a comparison group were measured using the the Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire. A semistructured interview developed by Harris, Brown, and Bifulco (Psychological Medicine, 16, 641-659, 1986) was used to assess childhood care to examine whether a link exists between childhood exposure to aggression or parental neglect and adult hostility. Patients with eating disorders had significantly higher hostility levels and were significantly more intropunitive than the comparison group. Patients with bulimia nervosa were significantly more intropunitive than the comparison group. Patients with bulimia nervosa were significantly more hostile than patients with anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa patients were more likely to direct hostility inwardly, rather than outwardly, when compared with bulimia nervosa patients. Impulsivity was associated with extrapunitiveness whereas intropunitiveness was associated with depression. Although some measures of poor childhood care correlated with adult hostility levels no clear pattern emerged.
使用敌意与敌意指向问卷对神经性贪食症患者、神经性厌食症患者以及一个对照组的敌意程度和方向进行了测量。采用哈里斯、布朗和比富尔科（《心理医学》，第16卷，641 - 659页，1986年）编制的半结构化访谈来评估童年照料情况，以检验童年时期遭受攻击或父母忽视与成年期敌意之间是否存在关联。饮食失调患者的敌意水平显著更高，且比对照组更倾向于自我惩罚。神经性贪食症患者比对照组更倾向于自我惩罚。神经性贪食症患者比神经性厌食症患者的敌意程度显著更高。与神经性贪食症患者相比，神经性厌食症患者更倾向于将敌意指向自身而非向外。冲动性与外罚性相关，而自我惩罚与抑郁相关。尽管一些童年照料不佳的测量指标与成年期敌意水平相关，但并未出现明确的模式。
