Marks J G, Fowler J F, Sheretz E F, Rietschel R L
Division of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995 Aug;33(2 Pt 1):212-6. doi: 10.1016/0190-9622(95)90237-6.
Poison ivy and poison oak are the most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis in North America.
We investigated whether a new topical lotion containing 5% quaternium-18 bentonite prevents experimentally induced poison ivy and poison oak allergic contact dermatitis.
A single-blind, paired comparison, randomized, multicenter investigation was used to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of quaternium-18 bentonite lotion in preventing experimentally induced poison ivy and poison oak allergic contact dermatitis in susceptible volunteers. One hour before both forearms were patch tested with urushiol, the allergenic resin from poison ivy and poison oak, 5% quaternium-18 bentonite lotion was applied on one forearm. The test patches were removed after 4 hours and the sites interpreted for reaction 2, 5, and 8 days later. The difference in reactions between treated and untreated patch test sites was statistically analyzed.
Two hundred eleven subjects with a history of allergic contact dermatitis to poison ivy and poison oak were studied. One hundred forty-four subjects had positive reactions to urushiol. The test sites pretreated with quaternium-18 bentonite lotion had absent or significantly reduced reactions to the urushiol compared with untreated control sites (p < 0.0001) on all test days. When it occurred, the reaction consistently appeared later on treated than on control sites (p < 0.0001). One occurrence of mild, transient erythema at the application site was the only side effect from the quaternium-18 bentonite lotion.
Quaternium-18 bentonite lotion was effective in preventing or diminishing experimentally produced poison ivy and poison oak allergic contact dermatitis.
在北美，毒葛和毒栎是过敏性接触性皮炎最常见的病因。
我们研究了一种含5%季铵盐-18膨润土的新型外用洗剂能否预防实验性诱发的毒葛和毒栎过敏性接触性皮炎。
采用单盲、配对比较、随机、多中心研究，评估季铵盐-18膨润土洗剂在预防易感志愿者实验性诱发的毒葛和毒栎过敏性接触性皮炎方面的有效性和安全性。在用来自毒葛和毒栎的致敏树脂漆酚对双侧前臂进行斑贴试验前1小时，在一侧前臂涂抹5%季铵盐-18膨润土洗剂。4小时后去除试验贴片，并在2天、5天和8天后观察贴片部位的反应。对治疗组和未治疗组斑贴试验部位的反应差异进行统计学分析。
对211名有对毒葛和毒栎过敏性接触性皮炎病史的受试者进行了研究。144名受试者对漆酚呈阳性反应。在所有试验日，与未治疗的对照部位相比，用季铵盐-18膨润土洗剂预处理的试验部位对漆酚的反应缺失或显著减轻（p<0.0001）。当出现反应时，治疗部位的反应始终比对照部位出现得晚（p<0.0001）。季铵盐-18膨润土洗剂唯一的副作用是在用药部位出现一次轻度、短暂的红斑。
季铵盐-18膨润土洗剂能有效预防或减轻实验性诱发的毒葛和毒栎过敏性接触性皮炎。
