Rawson R A, Shoptaw S J, Obert J L, McCann M J, Hasson A L, Marinelli-Casey P J, Brethen P R, Ling W
Matrix Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 1995 Mar-Apr;12(2):117-27. doi: 10.1016/0740-5472(94)00080-b.
The Matrix model of outpatient treatment was developed during the 1980s in response to an overwhelming demand for cocaine abuse treatment services. The model was constructed using components based upon empirically supported findings from the substance abuse research field. Over the course of development, data were collected on the treatment model and the model was modified based upon empirical evaluation. A pilot study comparing the Matrix outpatient model with an inpatient hospital treatment program produced preliminary support for the clinical utility of the model. An open trial comparing publicly and privately funded patients demonstrated that patients with fewer resources were more difficult to engage and retain in this model of outpatient treatment. In a controlled trial, a clear positive relationship was documented between duration and amount of treatment involvement in the Matrix model and positive outcome at 1 year. Due to a variety of methodological issues, the study was not able to answer definitively the question of clinical efficacy. In all of these studies, patients treated with the Matrix model demonstrated statistically significant reductions in drug and alcohol use and improvements in psychological indicators. This body of work, along with the public acceptance the model has received in the treatment community, support the usefulness of this intensive outpatient approach for cocaine abuse. Further research is underway to provide additional controlled information on the value of this treatment approach.
门诊治疗的矩阵模型是在20世纪80年代开发的，以应对对可卡因滥用治疗服务的巨大需求。该模型是根据药物滥用研究领域的实证研究结果构建的。在开发过程中，收集了关于治疗模型的数据，并根据实证评估对模型进行了修改。一项将矩阵门诊模型与住院医院治疗方案进行比较的试点研究为该模型的临床实用性提供了初步支持。一项比较公共和私人资助患者的开放试验表明，资源较少的患者更难参与并留在这种门诊治疗模式中。在一项对照试验中，记录了矩阵模型中治疗参与的持续时间和数量与1年时的积极结果之间存在明显的正相关关系。由于各种方法学问题，该研究无法明确回答临床疗效问题。在所有这些研究中，接受矩阵模型治疗的患者在药物和酒精使用方面有统计学上的显著减少，心理指标也有所改善。这项工作，以及该模型在治疗社区获得的公众认可，支持了这种强化门诊方法对可卡因滥用的有效性。正在进行进一步的研究，以提供关于这种治疗方法价值的更多对照信息。
