Lidén S, Lundberg E
J Invest Dermatol. 1979 Jan;72(1):42-5. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12530184.
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy was modified to permit analysis of solid material, thereby fully utilizing the high sensitivity of the method. Tangential sections of biopsies from skin tested epicutaneously with K2Cr2O7 were analyzed for the content of chromium 5, 24, and 72 hr after application of the test substance in various concentrations, either in petrolatum or in water. The concentration of chromium as a rule showed 2 maxima, one at the dermal-epidermal junction and the other in upper mid-dermis. The content of chromium was of the same order of magnitude at all 3 times after application. This indicates that a steady state is reached already after 5 hr and that penetration is continuing at 72 hr. The chromium content in normal skin was 0.4-2 ppm. K2Cr2O7 in petrolatum penetrated to a greater extent than in water. The relative penetration of chromium was lower for 0.5% concentration than for 0.05%. A complex of chromium and glycine was found to penetrate into the skin but to a lower extent than K2Cr2O7. It also elicited a positive epicutaneous test reaction in 1 out of 2 individuals hypersensitive to chromium.
石墨炉原子吸收光谱法经过改进，可用于分析固体材料，从而充分利用该方法的高灵敏度。对用K2Cr2O7经皮试验的皮肤活检组织的切线切片，在以凡士林或水配制成不同浓度的受试物质涂抹后5小时、24小时和72小时，分析其中铬的含量。通常铬浓度出现两个峰值，一个在真皮-表皮交界处，另一个在真皮中层上部。涂抹后所有3个时间点的铬含量处于同一数量级。这表明5小时后已达到稳态，且72小时时仍在持续渗透。正常皮肤中的铬含量为0.4 - 2 ppm。凡士林剂型的K2Cr2O7比水剂剂型渗透程度更大。0.5%浓度的铬相对渗透率低于0.05%浓度的。发现铬与甘氨酸的复合物可渗透进入皮肤，但程度低于K2Cr2O7。它还在2名对铬过敏的个体中的1人身上引发了阳性经皮试验反应。
