Morita H, Funata M, Tokoro T
Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University School of Medicine, Japan.
Retina. 1995;15(2):117-24. doi: 10.1097/00006982-199515020-00005.
The correlation of age, axial length, and myopic chorioretinal atrophy with vitreous changes in high myopia were analyzed to investigate the development of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in high myopia.
The vitreous condition of 329 consecutive eyes with high myopia (more than -8.25 diopters (D) and more than 26.0 mm of axial length) was examined biomicroscopically with a +90-D preset lens and a Goldmann three-mirror contact lens.
The prevalence of PVD in high myopia was 12.5% in patients between 20 and 29 years of age, and it increased with age. The incidence of PVD in eyes with axial length of more than 30.0 mm was 60.7% and was statistically higher than the prevalence in eyes with an axial length of less than 29.9 mm (P < 0.01). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age and axial length were statistically significant factors in the development of PVD and lacuna formation in high myopia (P < 0.01), but the influence of chorioretinal atrophy was not significant.
The results of this study suggest that liquefaction of the vitreous begins at a relatively young age in patients with high myopia and progresses with age and axial elongation, thus resulting in a frequent occurrence of PVD.
分析高度近视患者的年龄、眼轴长度和近视性脉络膜视网膜萎缩与玻璃体变化的相关性，以研究高度近视患者玻璃体后脱离（PVD）的发展情况。
使用+90D预设透镜和戈德曼三面镜接触镜，对329例连续的高度近视患者（屈光度超过-8.25D，眼轴长度超过26.0mm）的玻璃体状况进行生物显微镜检查。
20至29岁的高度近视患者中PVD的患病率为12.5%，且随年龄增长而增加。眼轴长度超过30.0mm的眼睛中PVD的发生率为60.7%，在统计学上高于眼轴长度小于29.9mm的眼睛中的患病率（P<0.01）。多因素逻辑回归分析表明，年龄和眼轴长度是高度近视患者PVD和腔隙形成发展的统计学显著因素（P<0.01），但脉络膜视网膜萎缩的影响不显著。
本研究结果表明，高度近视患者的玻璃体液化在相对年轻时就开始，并随着年龄和眼轴延长而进展，从而导致PVD频繁发生。
