Morita H, Ideta H, Ito K, Yonemoto J, Sasaki K, Tanaka S
Ideta Eye Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
Retina. 1991;11(3):281-4. doi: 10.1097/00006982-199111030-00002.
Two hundred nine macular holes of both pathologic myopia and idiopathic senile type were statistically analyzed to find out which factors cause retinal detachment in eyes with macular holes. The incidences of retinal detachment were as follows: 97.6% in myopia over -8.25 D, 67.7% in myopia between -8.0 and -3.25 D, and 1.1% in eyes under -3.0 D; 100% in widespread chorioretinal atrophy, 90.6% in spotty or lineal chorioretinal atrophy, 64.3% in myopic tigroid fundus, and 0% in eyes without myopic tigroid or atrophy; 96.0% in eyes with posterior staphyloma and 8.2% in eyes without it; 56.4% in posterior vitreous detachment [PVD] (+) eyes, 53.3% in PVD(+/-) eyes, and 51.9% in PVD(-) eyes. The statistically significant (P less than 0.05) factors that caused retinal detachment were refractive error, myopic chorioretinal change, and posterior staphyloma. There was no statistically significant difference regarding PVD.
对209例病理性近视和特发性老年性黄斑裂孔患者进行统计分析，以找出导致黄斑裂孔眼视网膜脱离的因素。视网膜脱离的发生率如下：近视度数超过-8.25D的患者中发生率为97.6%，近视度数在-8.0至-3.25D之间的患者中发生率为67.7%，近视度数低于-3.0D的患者中发生率为1.1%；广泛脉络膜视网膜萎缩患者中发生率为100%，斑点状或线状脉络膜视网膜萎缩患者中发生率为90.6%，近视性豹纹状眼底患者中发生率为64.3%，无近视性豹纹状眼底或萎缩的患者中发生率为0%；有后巩膜葡萄肿的患者中发生率为96.0%，无后巩膜葡萄肿的患者中发生率为8.2%；玻璃体后脱离PVD的患者中发生率为56.4%，PVD(+/-)的患者中发生率为53.3%，PVD(-)的患者中发生率为51.9%。导致视网膜脱离的具有统计学意义（P<0.05）的因素为屈光不正、近视性脉络膜视网膜改变和后巩膜葡萄肿。关于玻璃体后脱离，没有统计学上的显著差异。
