Wilson V J, Boyle R, Fukushima K, Rose P K, Shinoda Y, Sugiuchi Y, Uchino Y
Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
J Vestib Res. 1995 May-Jun;5(3):147-70.
Stabilization of the head is required not only for adequate motor performance, such as maintaining balance while standing or walking, but also for the adequate reception of sensory inputs such as visual and auditory information. The vestibular organs, which consist of three approximately orthogonal semicircular canals (anterior, horizontal, posterior) and two otolith organs (utriculus, sacculus), provide the most important input for the detection of head movement. Activation of afferents from these receptors evokes the vestibulocollic reflex (VCR), which stabilizes head position in space. In this review, which is the outgrowth of a session of the vestibular symposium held in Hawaii in April, 1994, we discuss the neural substrate of this reflex and some aspects of the central processing involved in its production. Some topics are not considered, in particular the important interaction between the VCR and the cervicocollic reflex evoked by activation of neck afferents (70,119), and attempts to model the reflex (69).
头部的稳定不仅对于适当的运动表现是必需的，例如在站立或行走时保持平衡，而且对于充分接收视觉和听觉等感觉输入也是必需的。前庭器官由三个大致相互垂直的半规管（前半规管、水平半规管、后半规管）和两个耳石器官（椭圆囊、球囊）组成，为检测头部运动提供最重要的输入。来自这些感受器的传入神经激活会引发前庭颈反射（VCR），该反射可稳定头部在空间中的位置。在这篇综述中，它源自1994年4月在夏威夷举行的前庭研讨会的一次会议，我们讨论了该反射的神经基础以及其产生过程中涉及的中枢处理的一些方面。一些主题未被考虑，特别是VCR与颈部传入神经激活所引发的颈颈反射之间的重要相互作用（70,119），以及对该反射进行建模的尝试（69）。
