Ukoli F A, Bunker C H, Fabio A, Olomu A B, Egbagbe E E, Kuller L H
Department of Community Health, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Nigeria.
Cent Afr J Med. 1995 May;41(5):154-61.
Blood pressure (BP) has been reported to be more consistently correlated with body mass index (BMI) than with waist-hip ratio (WHR) in Blacks. We present the correlates of BP in a systematic sample of 152 (65.7 pc response rate) elderly urban Nigerians, with a mean age of 72.7 yrs. +/- 12.1 for males and 73.2 yrs, +/- 11.9 for females. There were 12.3 pc and 22.3 pc obesity rates in the males and females respectively, with an equivalent mean BMI of 22.8 kg/m2 and 23.4 kg/m2 and WHR of 0.97 and 0.94. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) correlated with BMI, r = 0.26; p < 0.01 and r = 0.42; p < 0.001, only in females. WHR did not correlate with BP in either sex, but waist and hip measurements correlated significantly with BP in both sexes. The most important predictor of BP is BMI for females and waist measurement for men. Although smoking and alcohol were not related to BP in either sex, the data suggests that alcohol enhanced, while tobacco inhibited weight gain significantly in males, who on the whole indulged more than the females. Fasting or two hour whole blood glucose were not related to BP. The findings are in support of the adverse effects of weight on BP in the elderly. There is need to study attitudes to adult weight gain as expressed in body shape, and to use the findings in the development of weight control programmes as part of blood pressure control in the elderly.
据报道，在黑人中，血压（BP）与体重指数（BMI）的相关性比与腰臀比（WHR）的相关性更稳定。我们在152名（应答率65.7%）老年城市尼日利亚人的系统样本中呈现了血压的相关因素，男性平均年龄为72.7岁±12.1岁，女性平均年龄为73.2岁±11.9岁。男性和女性的肥胖率分别为12.3%和22.3%，平均BMI分别为22.8kg/m²和23.4kg/m²，WHR分别为0.97和0.94。收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）仅在女性中与BMI相关，r = 0.26；p < 0.01和r = 0.42；p < 0.001。WHR在两性中均与血压无关，但腰围和臀围在两性中均与血压显著相关。女性血压的最重要预测因素是BMI，男性是腰围。虽然吸烟和饮酒在两性中均与血压无关，但数据表明，酒精促进了男性体重增加，而烟草显著抑制了男性体重增加，总体而言男性比女性更放纵。空腹或两小时全血葡萄糖与血压无关。这些发现支持了体重对老年人血压的不利影响。有必要研究对以体型表现出的成人体重增加的态度，并将这些发现用于制定体重控制计划，作为老年人血压控制的一部分。
