MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Division of Human Genetics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
BMC Public Health. 2018 Apr 19;18(1):524. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5443-4.
To report associations between different adiposity indices [anthropometric and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures] and blood pressure (BP) and hypertension in urban black South African adults.
Anthropometric and DXA whole body measures were performed on 1026 men and 982 women. Participants were classified as being hypertensive if they had a systolic BP (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg. Within each gender the relationship of adiposity with BP and hypertension risk was assessed using linear and logistic regression models respectively. Bivariate models were computed for each body composition variable. Furthermore, we computed a multiple regression model to illustrates how body composition parameters are associated with the outcome variables independent of each other.
The males were significantly taller and had a higher fat free soft tissue mass (FFSTM), DBP and socio-economic status, and were more likely to use tobacco and be hypertensive (48.0% vs. 38.8%). The females had higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), FM/FFSTM ratio and body fat % than males. All body composition parameters were positively associated with hypertension. In both males and females, the FM/FFSTM ratio associated the strongest with hypertension illustrating the following odds ratios [males: 70.37 (18.47, 268.16) p ≤ 0.001; females 2.48 (0.86,7.21) p = 0.09]. The multiple regression model, indicated that the VAT and WC significantly associated with both SBP and DBP in the men and women respectively, whilst WC was the only significant predictor for hypertension.
All body composition parameters were associated with hypertension and FM/FFSTM ratio showed the strongest relationship. It was reassuring that WC remains a useful measure of central adiposity that can be used as a risk indicator for hypertension if more sophisticated measures are not available. Furthermore, our data in part, implies that reducing abdominal adiposity in aging adults could contribute to reducing the risk of elevated blood pressure and hypertension.
报告不同肥胖指数（人体测量和双能 X 射线吸收法[DXA]测量）与城市南非黑人成年人血压（BP）和高血压之间的关联。
对 1026 名男性和 982 名女性进行人体测量和 DXA 全身测量。如果收缩压（SBP）≥140mmHg 和/或舒张压（DBP）≥90mmHg，则将参与者归类为高血压。在每个性别中，分别使用线性和逻辑回归模型评估肥胖与 BP 和高血压风险的关系。对每个身体成分变量进行双变量模型计算。此外，我们还计算了一个多元回归模型，以说明身体成分参数如何独立于彼此与结果变量相关。
男性明显更高，并且具有更高的无脂肪软组织质量（FFSTM）、DBP 和社会经济地位，并且更有可能使用烟草和患有高血压（48.0%比 38.8%）。女性的体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、脂肪量（FM）、皮下脂肪组织（SAT）、内脏脂肪组织（VAT）、FM/FFSTM 比值和体脂百分比均高于男性。所有身体成分参数均与高血压呈正相关。在男性和女性中，FM/FFSTM 比值与高血压的关联最强，表明以下比值比[男性：70.37（18.47，268.16）p≤0.001；女性 2.48（0.86，7.21）p=0.09]。多元回归模型表明，在男性和女性中，VAT 和 WC 分别与 SBP 和 DBP 显著相关，而 WC 是唯一对高血压有显著预测作用的因素。
所有身体成分参数均与高血压相关，FM/FFSTM 比值显示出最强的相关性。令人欣慰的是，如果没有更复杂的测量方法，WC 仍然是衡量中心性肥胖的有用指标，可以作为高血压的风险指标。此外，我们的数据在一定程度上表明，减少老年成年人的腹部脂肪堆积可能有助于降低血压升高和高血压的风险。
