Maison C, Pyrpasopoulou A, Georgatos S D
Program of Cell Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
EMBO J. 1995 Jul 17;14(14):3311-24. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07338.x.
We have assessed the involvement of the nuclear lamins in nuclear envelope reassembly. Analysis of perforated mitotic cells shows that A-type lamins are partly cytosolic and partly chromosome-bound, whereas B-type lamins are associated with vesicular structures throughout cell division. Lamin B-containing vesicles appear to dock on vimentin intermediate filaments during prometaphase, but dissociate from the cytoskeleton and assemble around chromatin at later phases of mitosis. Mitotic vesicles isolated from prometaphase cells en bloc with vimentin filaments can specifically capture chromosomes. Efficient chromosome capturing requires cytosolic factors and a dephosphorylating environment. Urea-stripping of the vesicles abolishes binding to chromosomes. However, reconstitution of the stripped membranes with purified B-type lamins restores their ability to bind to chromosomes in a cytosol- and dephosphorylation-dependent fashion. Vesicles reconstituted with B-type lamins form membraneous 'crescents' on the surfaces of chromosomes, but, unlike native vesicles, do not fuse into large sheets. From these observations we conclude that the initial targeting of mitotic vesicles to chromosomes is dependent on B-type lamins and on factors present in the mitotic cytoplasm. Apparently, further recruitment of membranes and fusion of chromosome-bound vesicles onto chromatin involves non-lamin peripheral membrane proteins.
我们评估了核纤层蛋白在核膜重新组装中的作用。对有孔有丝分裂细胞的分析表明,A型核纤层蛋白部分位于胞质中,部分与染色体结合,而B型核纤层蛋白在整个细胞分裂过程中都与囊泡结构相关联。含核纤层蛋白B的囊泡在前期似乎停靠在波形蛋白中间丝上,但在有丝分裂后期与细胞骨架解离并围绕染色质组装。从前期细胞中整体分离出的与波形蛋白丝相连的有丝分裂囊泡能够特异性捕获染色体。高效的染色体捕获需要胞质因子和去磷酸化环境。用尿素去除囊泡上的成分会消除其与染色体的结合。然而,用纯化的B型核纤层蛋白重建去除成分的膜,能以依赖胞质溶胶和去磷酸化的方式恢复其与染色体结合的能力。用B型核纤层蛋白重建的囊泡在染色体表面形成膜状“新月形”,但与天然囊泡不同的是,它们不会融合成大片。从这些观察结果我们得出结论,有丝分裂囊泡最初靶向染色体依赖于B型核纤层蛋白和有丝分裂细胞质中存在的因子。显然,膜的进一步募集以及与染色体结合的囊泡融合到染色质上涉及非核纤层膜周边蛋白。