Transforming growth factor beta 1 modulates angiotensin II-induced calcium influx in vascular smooth muscle.

The modulatory effects of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) on the angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced increase in cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) were investigated in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). [Ca2+]i in VSMC was measured using the fluorescent dye fura-2. When TGF beta 1 was applied 30s prior to Ang II, the Ang II-induced [Ca2+]i increase was significantly enhanced in VSMC from SHR (P < 0.05 compared to control), whereas after the preincubation with TGF beta 1 for 30 min, the Ang II-induced [Ca2+]i increase was significantly reduced in VSMC from both strains. Using the manganese-quenching technique, it was confirmed that short-term exposure to TGF beta 1 enhanced the Ang II-induced trans-plasma-membrane calcium influx in SHR. The inhibition of protein kinase C by calphostin C abolished the stimulatory effect of TGF beta 1 on the Ang II-induced [Ca2+]i increase. It is concluded that TGF beta 1 modulates the Ang II-induced calcium handling in VSMC.