Paul K E
Neonatal Netw. 1995 Aug;14(5):13-20.
The incidence of infants born with congenital heart disease (CHD) is about 0.8% of all live births. Out of this at-risk population, approximately one-third will develop life-threatening symptoms of critical CHD within the first few days of life. These infants present the neonatal team with a variety of challenges, and require early identification along with proper stabilization and treatment to survive. The neonatal nurse plays a vital role in recognizing the first signs and symptoms of cardiac distress. This article discusses the most common life-threatening congenital cardiac lesions, reviews their pathophysiology, and outlines the initial medical and nursing management. A through understanding of these concepts can help the nurse improve patient outcomes.
先天性心脏病（CHD）患儿的发病率约占所有活产婴儿的0.8%。在这个高危人群中，约有三分之一的婴儿会在出生后的头几天内出现危及生命的严重先天性心脏病症状。这些婴儿给新生儿团队带来了各种挑战，需要早期识别并进行适当的稳定病情和治疗才能存活。新生儿护士在识别心脏窘迫的最初迹象和症状方面起着至关重要的作用。本文讨论了最常见的危及生命的先天性心脏病变，回顾了其病理生理学，并概述了初始的医疗和护理管理。透彻理解这些概念有助于护士改善患者的治疗效果。
