Visocchi M, Cioni B, Vergari S, Marano G, Pentimalli L, Meglio M
Istituto di Neurochirurgia, Universitá Cattolica S. Cuore, Italia.
Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 1994;62(1-4):186-90. doi: 10.1159/000098616.
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) affects peripheral, coronary and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in humans. In 1986 Meglio et al. [Appl Neurophysiol 1986;49:139-146] advocated a functional reversible sympathectomy as one of the mechanisms of SCS in man. An experimental animal model was developed to study SCS effects on CBF and to investigate the possible mechanisms. Twenty-one white New Zealand rabbits were anesthetized with Fluothane; spontaneous ventilation was permitted. A steady hemodynamic and metabolic state was maintained. A small cervical laminectomy was performed and an electrode (Medtronic Sigma 3483) was placed in the epidural space over the posterior spinal cord. Both common carotid arteries were exposed and external carotid arteries were ligated. In 3 animals, the cervical symapthetic trunk (CST) was exposed and wrapped with bipolar hook-stimulating electrodes. SCS was performed for 20 min with electrical square waves of 210 microseconds duration, 80 cycles/s, at 2/3 motor threshold intensity. CST stimulation was delivered for 1 min with the following parameters: 10 V, 10 cycles/s, 0.5 ms duration. CBF velocities of both internal carotid arteries were measured by using a CW Doppler (in all the animals) and electromagnetic flowmeter (in 2 animals), at rest, during sympathetic trunk stimulation, during SCS, during simultaneous SCS and CST stimulation. During SCS, an increase of CBF was detected in 11 rabbits (52.4%); a decrease was observed in two cases (9.5%). No change was detected in the remaining 8 animals (38%). CST stimulation induced a decrease of CBF in all animals. Electromagnetic flowmetry confirmed velocitometric findings in the 2 cases studied.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
脊髓刺激（SCS）会影响人体的外周、冠状动脉和脑血流量（CBF）。1986年，梅廖等人[《应用神经生理学》1986年；49:139 - 146]提出功能性可逆性交感神经切除术是人类SCS的机制之一。为了研究SCS对CBF的影响并探究可能的机制，建立了一种实验动物模型。21只新西兰白兔用氟烷麻醉，允许自主呼吸。维持稳定的血流动力学和代谢状态。进行小范围的颈椎椎板切除术，并将一个电极（美敦力西格玛3483）置于脊髓后方的硬膜外间隙。暴露双侧颈总动脉并结扎颈外动脉。在3只动物中，暴露颈交感干（CST）并用双极钩状刺激电极包裹。以210微秒持续时间、80次/秒的电方波，在2/3运动阈值强度下进行20分钟的SCS。以以下参数进行1分钟的CST刺激：10伏、10次/秒、0.5毫秒持续时间。在静息状态、交感干刺激期间、SCS期间、SCS与CST同时刺激期间，使用连续波多普勒（所有动物）和电磁流量计（2只动物）测量双侧颈内动脉的CBF速度。在SCS期间，11只兔子（52.4%）检测到CBF增加；2例（9.5%）观察到CBF下降。其余8只动物（38%）未检测到变化。CST刺激在所有动物中均导致CBF下降。电磁流量计在研究的2例中证实了流速测量结果。（摘要截取自250字）
