[Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell bronchial carcinoma. Initial results of a prospective multicenter study].

PURPOSE

In the last years new encouraging methods in the therapy of bronchial carcinoma have been elaborated. The early stages of bronchial carcinoma are still a domain of operative treatment. The long-term results of surgical treatment for locally advanced disease are considered to be unfavourable. Multimodal treatment concepts with simultaneous or consecutive application of radio-chemotherapy followed by surgical resection seem to reveal improved possibilities of therapy.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

General treatment consists of 2 blocks of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin, ifosfamide and etoposide, followed by a third course, consisting of carboplatin and vindesine. Simultaneously with the third course a hyperfractionated, accelerated radiotherapy with a single dose of 1.5 Gy 10 times per week is applied. The total dose is 45 Gy in 3 weeks, given at least to the 80% isodose. After restaging, tumor resection is carried out. Patients without tumor are randomized for prophylactic brain irradiation.

RESULTS

From January 1992 up to 1.10.1993 25 patients have been treated in accordance to the study. All tumors were locally advanced (stage IIIa and IIIb). Until 1.10.1993 4 patients died, 2 of them certainly related to the tumor. Thirteen patients have been resected after neoadjuvant treatment. In 11 of these cases a R0-, and in 2 cases a R1 resection has been carried out. Tumor cells have been found only in 5 histologies. The hematotoxic side effects under competing RTX/CTX seemed to be unproblematical (RTOG/grade II). Problems occurred with 4 cases of serious esophagitis (RTOG/grade III to IV) and 2 cases of pneumonitis with 1 case ending lethally.

CONCLUSION

Preliminary results of our study show the feasibility of multimodal treatment. A favourable 1-year survival rate after aggressive multimodal therapy and a high resection rate in previously unresectable patients could be demonstrated.