Wolański N
Department of Human Ecology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw.
Stud Hum Ecol. 1994;11:55-72.
There were investigated 6967 families from 6 rural regions, under industrialization, and industrialized urban regions. In the grandparents generation there were taken into account 10 traits (an education level, a mating radius, and a stature) and in parents generation 17 traits (the mentioned-above ones and a number of family members, a flat size, incomes, an employees No., a life mode, smoking etc. Numerical characteristics of traits have been calculated jointly and separately in six populations, matrices of correlation have been constructed and moreover factorial analysis have been carried out, as a result of which 8 rotated factors have been obtained. The highest cultural mobility (increase in the level of education) from generation to generation occurs in the population of textile industry town Lódź. The highest improvement of biological status, the increase in mating radius and high incomes are characteristic for this regions, too. On the other side are villages with low culture mobility (not large increase in education level), slight improvement of biological status, almost no migrations, overcrowded flats and low income per family member. The relations between pairs of traits appear to vary largely in several populations. Generally is a high correlation between the education level of the same family members in both generations. The has been stated negative correlation between grandfather stature both of the mother and the father lines, with occurring of positive assortative mating in the couples of two generations. In both investigated generations there is the positive assortative mating, but the negative correlation in the stature between grandfathers of the mother and the father lines. The grandparents education level is correlated with their and their offsprings stature. The duration of holidays is one of the best (closely correlated with others) indicators of life mode, and partially of a given family living conditions, too. 8 hidden factors have been separated: a consciousness, mode of life, a number of family members, a genetic factor (stature), migrations, living conditions, incomes. This 8 factors have different ranks (evaluated as a position in sequence expressing in % the share in being explained variance) in six investigated rural and urban populations, explaining together 54-55% of the total variance of analyzed family traits. The consciousness occurs generally as a first factor. As far, as the mode of life is concerned, the rank of its factor is less in villages than in towns, and reciprocally the ranks of such factors as a number of family members, migrations and living conditions, are greater in villages than in towns.
对来自6个农村地区、工业化地区以及工业化城市地区的6967个家庭进行了调查。在祖父母一代中，考虑了10个性状（教育水平、通婚半径和身高），在父母一代中考虑了17个性状（上述性状以及家庭成员数量、住房面积、收入、员工数量、生活方式、吸烟等）。在6个群体中共同并分别计算了性状的数值特征，构建了相关矩阵，并且进行了因子分析，结果得到了8个旋转因子。纺织工业城镇罗兹的人口中，代际间文化流动性最高（教育水平提高）。该地区生物状况改善程度最高、通婚半径增加以及高收入也是其特征。另一方面是文化流动性低（教育水平提升不大）、生物状况改善轻微、几乎没有迁移、住房拥挤且家庭成员收入低的村庄。在几个群体中，成对性状之间的关系似乎差异很大。一般来说，同一家庭成员两代人的教育水平之间存在高度相关性。已表明，母系和父系祖父的身高之间存在负相关，且两代夫妻之间存在正选型交配。在两代被调查者中均存在正选型交配，但母系和父系祖父身高之间存在负相关。祖父母的教育水平与他们及其后代的身高相关。假期时长是生活方式的最佳指标之一（与其他指标密切相关），在一定程度上也反映了特定家庭的生活条件。已分离出8个隐藏因子：意识、生活方式、家庭成员数量、遗传因子（身高）、迁移、生活条件、收入。这8个因子在6个被调查的农村和城市群体中有不同的排名（评估为按顺序排列的位置，以百分比表示在被解释方差中所占份额），共同解释了所分析家庭性状总方差的54 - 55%。意识通常作为首要因子出现。就生活方式而言，其因子排名在村庄中比在城镇中低，相反，诸如家庭成员数量、迁移和生活条件等因子的排名在村庄中比在城镇中高。
