Sahlström A, Lanshammar H, Adalberth G
Department of Orthopaedics, Malmö General Hospital (Lund University), Sweden.
Ergonomics. 1995 Jul;38(7):1352-9. doi: 10.1080/00140139508925193.
Circumstantial evidence in the literature points towards a relationship between heavy labour and arthrosis of the knee. The aim of this study was to demonstrate which occupational activities yield the greatest knee moments and thus indicate possible gonarthrosis-inducing occupational hazards. Twelve healthy and uninjured medical students were studied in set occupational situations in a laboratory for gait analysis, using a force plate with video display of force vectors and knee joints (VIFOR). With normal walking as a baseline for moment it was found that activities involving knee flexion, such as lifting objects from one level to the other, climbing stairs and ladders, and jumping down, revealed a significant increase in moment. On the other hand, carrying objects in one or both hands did not yield significant increase in knee moment compared with normal walking. Flexed knee lifting had significantly lower moment than jumping down from a height of 0.5 m on to one or both feet. Three levels of knee moment could thus be identified, i.e., normal walking, flexed knee lifting and jumping down.
文献中的间接证据表明重体力劳动与膝关节骨关节炎之间存在关联。本研究的目的是确定哪些职业活动会产生最大的膝关节力矩，从而指出可能导致膝关节炎的职业危害。在一个用于步态分析的实验室里，让12名健康且未受伤的医科学生在特定职业情境下进行研究，使用配有力矢量和膝关节视频显示的测力板（VIFOR）。以正常行走时的力矩作为基线，发现涉及膝关节屈曲的活动，如将物体从一个高度提升到另一个高度、爬楼梯和梯子以及跳下，力矩显著增加。另一方面，与正常行走相比，单手或双手搬运物体时膝关节力矩没有显著增加。屈膝提举的力矩明显低于从0.5米高度单脚或双脚跳下时的力矩。因此可以确定三个膝关节力矩水平，即正常行走、屈膝提举和跳下。
