Gomes A L, Guimarães M D, Gomes C C, Chaves I G, Gobbi H, Camargos A F
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Int J Epidemiol. 1995 Apr;24(2):292-9. doi: 10.1093/ije/24.2.292.
There are still controversies regarding the role of many risk factors assessed for breast cancer worldwide. In Brazil, it represents a major cause of death among women but yet few analytical studies have been published to date.
The association of selected factors with breast cancer was assessed in a case-control study of 300 women, aged 25-75 years, treated at the Federal University Hospital, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, from 1978 to 1987. In all, 300 cases with diagnosed breast carcinoma were compared with 600 controls matched on age and date of diagnosis. Socio-economic, demographic and reproductive factors were analysed.
Multiple logistic regression analysis showed the following factors to be independently associated with increased risk of breast cancer: a) monthly family income (odds ratio [OR] = 1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-2.42); b) being a housewife (OR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.83-4.47; c) parity of less than six deliveries and nulliparous women (OR = 5.06, 95% CI: 3.01-8.52 and OR = 2.42, CI: 1.64-3.59, respectively); d) history of breast cancer among first degree female relatives (OR = 9.35, 95% CI: 3.22-27.14); and e) oral contraceptive use (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.15-2.85). Irregular menstrual cycle (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.25-0.75) was associated with breast cancer as a protective effect.
The study has confirmed most risk/protective factors previously demonstrated elsewhere in the world and provides clear documentation of breast cancer epidemiology in Brazil.
在全球范围内，许多针对乳腺癌评估的风险因素所起的作用仍存在争议。在巴西，乳腺癌是女性主要死因之一，但迄今为止，发表的分析性研究较少。
在一项病例对照研究中，对1978年至1987年在巴西贝洛奥里藏特联邦大学医院接受治疗的300名年龄在25至75岁之间的女性进行了选定因素与乳腺癌之间关联的评估。总共将300例确诊乳腺癌病例与600例在年龄和诊断日期上匹配的对照进行了比较。分析了社会经济、人口统计学和生殖因素。
多因素logistic回归分析显示，以下因素与乳腺癌风险增加独立相关：a）家庭月收入（优势比[OR]=1.69，95%置信区间[CI]：1.18 - 2.42）；b）家庭主妇（OR = 2.86，95% CI：1.83 - 4.47）；c）分娩次数少于6次的经产妇和未生育女性（OR分别为5.06，95% CI：3.01 - 8.52和OR = 2.42，CI：1.64 - 3.59）；d）女性一级亲属中有乳腺癌病史（OR = 9.35，95% CI：3.22 - 27.14）；e）口服避孕药的使用（OR = 1.81，95% CI：1.15 - 2.85）。月经周期不规律（OR = 0.44，95% CI：0.25 - 0.75）与乳腺癌呈保护作用相关。
该研究证实了世界其他地方先前证明的大多数风险/保护因素，并提供了巴西乳腺癌流行病学的明确记录。
