McDonald M A, Hildebrand J A, Webb S C
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0205, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1995 Aug;98(2 Pt 1):712-21. doi: 10.1121/1.413565.
Calling blue and fin whales have been tracked using relative travel times and amplitudes from both direct and multipath arrivals to a seafloor array of seismometers. Calls of three fin whales swimming in the same general direction, but several kilometers apart, are believed to represent communication between the whales because of signature differences in call character, an alternating call pattern, and coordination of call and respiration times. Whale call tracks, call patterns, call character, and swimming speeds were examined during periods with and without the presence of noise. Noise sources included airguns, when the whales were subject to sound levels of up to 143 dB P-P (peak-to-peak) re: 1 microPa over the 10 to 60-Hz band, and transits of merchant ships, when the whales received continuous levels up to 106 dB rms re: 1 microPa over the 10 to 60-Hz band (115 dB P-P). Whale responses associated with these noises remain arguable.
通过直接和多径到达海底地震仪阵列的相对传播时间和振幅，对蓝鲸和长须鲸的叫声进行了跟踪。据信，三头朝着大致相同方向游动但相距数公里的长须鲸的叫声代表了它们之间的交流，原因在于叫声特征的差异、交替的叫声模式以及叫声与呼吸时间的协调性。在有噪声和无噪声的时间段内，对鲸鱼的叫声轨迹、叫声模式、叫声特征和游动速度进行了研究。噪声源包括气枪，此时鲸鱼在10至60赫兹频段上受到高达143分贝峰峰值（相对于1微帕）的声级影响；以及商船通过，此时鲸鱼在10至60赫兹频段上接收到高达106分贝均方根值（相对于1微帕）的连续声级（115分贝峰峰值）。与这些噪声相关的鲸鱼反应仍存在争议。
