Ladjali K, Tixier-Boichard M, Bordas A, Mérat P
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire de Génétique Factorielle, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Poult Sci. 1995 Jun;74(6):903-9. doi: 10.3382/ps.0740903.
High ambient temperature (> 30 C) decreases fertility of breeder hens, but this effect has been shown to be greatly reduced in females carrying the naked neck gene (Na). Sixty-four females each of the three different genotypes, Na/Na (homozygous naked neck), Na/na+ (heterozygous), and na+/na+ (normally feathered), were equally distributed in two climate control rooms with individual cages, at a constant temperature of either 22 C or 31 C. Five hundred and seventy-six embryos were examined after 16 to 18 h of incubation for karyological analyses. Abnormalities consisted of diploid-haploid and diploid-triploid chimeras. The frequency of chimeric embryos was significantly affected by dam genotype. Naked neck females showed a much lower proportion of abnormal embryos than normally feathered females whatever the temperature. The highest proportion of chimeras was observed for the na+/na+ dams maintained at 31 C. However, the effect of temperature was not generally significant.
高环境温度（>30摄氏度）会降低种母鸡的繁殖力，但已表明这种影响在携带裸颈基因（Na）的母鸡中会大大降低。三种不同基因型（Na/Na（纯合裸颈）、Na/na+（杂合）和na+/na+（正常羽毛））的64只母鸡被平均分配到两个带有单个笼子的气候控制室中，温度分别保持在22摄氏度或31摄氏度。孵化16至18小时后，检查了576个胚胎进行核型分析。异常包括二倍体-单倍体和二倍体-三倍体嵌合体。嵌合胚胎的频率受母本基因型的显著影响。无论温度如何，裸颈母鸡的异常胚胎比例都比正常羽毛母鸡低得多。在31摄氏度下饲养的na+/na+母本中观察到的嵌合体比例最高。然而，温度的影响一般不显著。
