Oscar T P, Mitchell D M, Engster H M, Malone B R, Watson W M
USDA, Agriculture Research Service, Georgetown, Delaware 19947, USA.
Poult Sci. 1995 Jun;74(6):976-82. doi: 10.3382/ps.0740976.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of supplemental Ni on growth performance, carcass composition, and pigmentation of broilers. In Experiment 1, female broilers (n = 120) were housed in individual cages from 21 to 49 d of age and fed a commercial finisher diet that contained 2.4 +/- .1 ppm Ni. Supplementation of this diet with 6 or 12 ppm NiCl2 did not affect growth performance or carcass composition. In Experiment 2, female broilers (n = 60) housed in individual cages were fed finisher diets with 44 or 77 ppm xanthophyll and 0 or 12 ppm supplemental NiCl2. Growth performance from 21 to 49 d of age was not altered by diet. At 49 d of age, serum xanthophyll concentration as well as amount of lutein and total xanthophylls in skin were higher (P < or = .01) in broilers fed 77 ppm xanthophyll. Supplemental NiCl2 decreased (P < or = .1) yellow color of carcasses from broilers fed 44 ppm xanthophyll and increased yellow color of carcasses from broilers fed 77 ppm xanthophyll. Abdominal fat yields and concentration of total xanthophylls in skin followed a similar pattern, suggesting that supplemental NiCl2 may have indirectly influenced pigmentation by altering fat deposition. These data indicated that an adequate level of Ni was present in the basal diet to promote optimal growth performance and carcass quality.
进行了两项试验以评估添加镍对肉鸡生长性能、胴体组成和色素沉着的影响。在试验1中，120只雌性肉鸡从21日龄至49日龄饲养在个体笼中，饲喂含2.4±0.1 ppm镍的商业育肥日粮。在此日粮中添加6或12 ppm氯化镍对生长性能或胴体组成没有影响。在试验2中，将60只饲养在个体笼中的雌性肉鸡饲喂含44或77 ppm叶黄素以及0或12 ppm添加氯化镍的育肥日粮。日粮对21至49日龄的生长性能没有影响。在49日龄时，饲喂77 ppm叶黄素的肉鸡血清叶黄素浓度以及皮肤中叶黄素和总叶黄素含量更高（P≤0.01）。添加氯化镍使饲喂44 ppm叶黄素的肉鸡胴体黄色变浅（P≤0.1），使饲喂77 ppm叶黄素的肉鸡胴体黄色变深。腹部脂肪产量和皮肤中总叶黄素浓度呈现类似模式，表明添加氯化镍可能通过改变脂肪沉积间接影响色素沉着。这些数据表明基础日粮中存在足够水平的镍以促进最佳生长性能和胴体品质。
