Piquer F J, Sell J L, Soto-Salanova M F, Vilaseca L, Palo P E, Turner K
Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011, USA.
Poult Sci. 1995 Jun;74(6):983-97. doi: 10.3382/ps.0740983.
Two experiments were conducted to document the effects of an early immunologic stress and changes in dietary ME(n) on growth and nutrient utilization of newly hatched turkeys. Treatments in both experiments consisted of a complete factorial arrangement of two types of injection and four isonitrogenous diets. Turkeys were injected i.p. with saline (SAL) or a solution of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 micrograms LPS/mL SAL) at 1, 3, and 5 d of age. In Experiment 1, two diets were formulated to contain 2,800 kcal ME(n)/kg. One was a corn-soybean meal-based diet (CSBM) and the other contained 8% Solkafloc (SKF). A third diet (3,100 kcal ME(n)/kg) was formulated by substituting 8% sucrose (SUC) for the 8% SKF. The fourth diet included in Experiment 1 was formulated to contain 3,700 kcal ME(n)/kg. The CSBM and SUC diets were also included in Experiment 2. Two additional diets tested in Experiment 2 were the CSBM diet containing 74.5 mg ibuprofen/kg (IBU) and a corn-soybean meal-based diet with a ME(n) value of 3,100 kcal/kg (CS31). Injection with LPS reduced (P < .05) BW of turkeys throughout Experiment 1 and until 9 d of age in Experiment 2, as compared with injection with SAL, irrespective of dietary treatment. The reduction in BW was mainly due to a decrease in feed intake (FI) (P < .05). Turkeys fed diets with 3,100 kcal ME(n)/kg were heavier (P < .05) than those fed diets with 2,800 kcal ME(n)/kg, irrespective of injection. Inclusion of ibuprofen to the CSBM diet from 1 to 14 d improved (P < .05) BW and feed efficiency (P < .01) of turkeys at 14 d of age, compared with turkeys fed the CSBM diet. Determined ME(n) was not affected by LPS injection. Adverse effects of LPS injection on growth of turkey poults were mainly the consequence of a reduced FI and not of altered nutrient utilization. These effects were not fully alleviated by feeding a diet with 3,100 kcal ME(n)/kg.
进行了两项试验，以记录早期免疫应激以及日粮代谢能（ME(n)）变化对刚出壳火鸡生长性能和养分利用率的影响。两项试验的处理均采用两种注射类型和四种等氮日粮的完全析因设计。在1日龄、3日龄和5日龄时，给火鸡腹腔注射生理盐水（SAL）或脂多糖（LPS）溶液（100微克LPS/毫升SAL）。在试验1中，配制了两种日粮，使其代谢能（ME(n)）含量均为2800千卡/千克。一种是以玉米-豆粕为基础的日粮（CSBM），另一种含有8%的索尔卡弗洛克（SKF）。第三种日粮（代谢能（ME(n)）含量为3100千卡/千克）是用8%的蔗糖（SUC）替代8%的SKF配制而成。试验1中的第四种日粮配制为代谢能（ME(n)）含量为3700千卡/千克。试验2中也包括CSBM日粮和SUC日粮。试验2中测试的另外两种日粮是每千克含有74.5毫克布洛芬的CSBM日粮（IBU）和代谢能（ME(n)）值为3100千卡/千克的玉米-豆粕型日粮（CS31）。与注射生理盐水相比，在整个试验1期间以及试验2中直到9日龄，注射LPS均降低了（P<0.05）火鸡的体重，且不受日粮处理的影响。体重的降低主要是由于采食量（FI）下降（P<0.05）。无论注射处理如何，采食代谢能（ME(n)）含量为3100千卡/千克日粮的火鸡比采食代谢能（ME(n)）含量为2800千卡/千克日粮的火鸡体重更重（P<0.05）。与采食CSBM日粮的火鸡相比，在1至14日龄期间在CSBM日粮中添加布洛芬可提高（P<0.05）14日龄火鸡的体重和饲料效率（P<0.01）。测定的代谢能（ME(n)）不受LPS注射的影响。注射LPS对火鸡雏鸡生长的不利影响主要是采食量降低的结果，而非养分利用率改变的结果。饲喂代谢能（ME(n)）含量为3100千卡/千克的日粮并不能完全缓解这些影响。
