Roy D N, Peyton D H, Spencer P S
Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, 97201-3098, USA.
Nat Toxins. 1995;3(3):174-80. doi: 10.1002/nt.2620030309.
Horses grazing for prolonged periods on yellow star thistle (YST), a plant which grows wild in western parts of the United States, develop an extrapyramidal disorder known as nigropallidal encephalomalacia (NPE). Attempts have been made to identify, isolate, and characterize the toxins responsible for the disease in animals. Using the organotypic tissue culture system on mouse cortical explants as a specific assay method for neurotoxicological evaluation, it has been possible to isolate and characterize two potent neuroexcitotoxic compounds, aspartic and glutamic acids, the former being the major toxic component in the alcoholic extract of the plant. There is also evidence that other neurotoxic compounds are present in the extract. The detailed procedure for isolation and characterization of these compounds is given here.
马匹长时间啃食黄星蓟（YST），这种植物在美国西部野生生长，会患上一种锥体外系疾病，称为黑质苍白球脑软化症（NPE）。人们已尝试鉴定、分离并表征导致动物患病的毒素。使用小鼠皮质外植体的器官型组织培养系统作为神经毒理学评估的特定检测方法，已能够分离并表征两种强效神经兴奋性毒性化合物，天冬氨酸和谷氨酸，前者是该植物酒精提取物中的主要毒性成分。也有证据表明提取物中存在其他神经毒性化合物。此处给出了这些化合物分离和表征的详细步骤。
