Bilodeau B, Roy B, Boulay M R
Physical Activity Sciences Laboratory, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
Int J Sports Med. 1995 Apr;16(3):190-5. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-972990.
The purpose of this study was to compare the heart rate responses during cross-country skiing as a leading skier, as well as in a drafting situation, three meters behind the leader. Eight male and two female cross-country ski racers, paired for skiing ability, skied a 2 km course (two loops of 1 km) using the diagonal stride and double-poling techniques at a fixed speed (4.75 m.s-1 and 4.45 m.s-1 for males and females respectively) on two different occasions, once as a leading skier, the other as a drafter. A recovery period of 30 minutes was allowed between the two trials. Heart rates (HR) were registered every five seconds during all performances. Results revealed that HR were significantly lower (165 vs 172 beats.min-1) when skiing behind another skier as opposed to leading. Results also revealed that projected frontal areas appeared to influence the effects of drafting such that the HR differences between the leading and the drafting situations were larger for smaller skiers drafting behind larger skiers. These results showed that skiing behind another skier in a classical cross-country ski race would be very advantageous when the situation is encountered and could help racers using this energy saving strategy.
本研究的目的是比较越野滑雪时作为领滑者以及在跟随滑行状态下（在领滑者后方三米处）的心率反应。八名男性和两名女性越野滑雪运动员，根据滑雪能力配对，在两种不同情况下，以固定速度（男性分别为4.75米/秒，女性为4.45米/秒）采用斜向跨步和双杖滑雪技术滑完2公里的赛道（两个1公里的圈），一次作为领滑者，另一次作为跟随者。两次试验之间有30分钟的恢复期。在所有滑行过程中，每五秒记录一次心率（HR）。结果显示，与领滑相比，跟随另一名滑雪者滑行时心率显著更低（165次/分钟对172次/分钟）。结果还显示，预计的 frontal areas 似乎会影响跟随滑行的效果，以至于对于在较大滑雪者后方跟随滑行的较小滑雪者而言，领滑和跟随状态下的心率差异更大。这些结果表明，在古典式越野滑雪比赛中，当遇到这种情况时，跟随另一名滑雪者滑行会非常有利，并且可以帮助选手采用这种节能策略。
