Eliason B C, Schubot D B
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, USA.
J Fam Pract. 1995 Sep;41(3):251-6.
Personal social values have been identified as important determinants of generalists' specialty choice. However, the personal values or "guiding principles" of generalist physicians have not been identified scientifically. To establish a benchmark, we measured the personal values of exemplary family physicians because they serve as role models for current and future physicians. We also explored the relationship between personal values and practice satisfaction.
We obtained a list of 330 family physicians nominated for the American Academy of Family Physicians' (AAFP) Family Doctor of the Year award for the years 1988 through 1993. We asked them to complete the Schwartz Values Questionnaire, a 56-item instrument for measuring personal values. They also answered three questions concerning practice satisfaction.
The return rate was 83%. The physicians' mean age was 63 years. They had been in practice an average of 34 years, 93% were male, and 52% practiced in rural areas. Honesty was rated as the most important of the 56 values, and social power as the least important. Of the 10 value types (groups of common values), the responding physicians rated "Benevolence" as most important and "Power" as least important. Practice satisfaction correlated positively with the Benevolence value type (r = .21, P = .001) and negatively with the Power value type (r = -.15, P = .023).
Of the 10 value types, Benevolence was rated the most important and Power the least important by exemplary family physicians, and both value types also correlated, positively and negatively, respectively, with their practice satisfaction. These results have implications for the selection, training, and career satisfaction of generalist physicians.
个人社会价值观已被确认为通科医生专业选择的重要决定因素。然而，通科医生的个人价值观或“指导原则”尚未得到科学确定。为了建立一个基准，我们测量了模范家庭医生的个人价值观，因为他们为当前和未来的医生树立了榜样。我们还探讨了个人价值观与执业满意度之间的关系。
我们获得了1988年至1993年被提名为美国家庭医生学会（AAFP）年度家庭医生奖的330名家庭医生的名单。我们要求他们完成施瓦茨价值观问卷，这是一种用于测量个人价值观的56项工具。他们还回答了三个关于执业满意度的问题。
回复率为83%。医生的平均年龄为63岁。他们平均执业34年，93%为男性，52%在农村地区执业。诚实被评为56种价值观中最重要的，而社会权力被评为最不重要的。在10种价值类型（共同价值观组）中，回复的医生将“仁爱”评为最重要，“权力”评为最不重要。执业满意度与仁爱价值类型呈正相关（r = 0.21，P = 0.001），与权力价值类型呈负相关（r = -0.15，P = 0.023）。
在10种价值类型中，模范家庭医生将仁爱评为最重要，权力评为最不重要，并且这两种价值类型分别与他们的执业满意度呈正相关和负相关。这些结果对通科医生的选拔、培训和职业满意度具有启示意义。
