Mariak Z, Mariak Z, Rydzewska M
Kliniki Okulistycznej AM w Białymstoku.
Klin Oczna. 1995 May;97(5):133-5.
Brain autopsy was carried out in 12 patients who died within 3 days of closed head injury. A segment of the brain stem with the entire intracranial portions of nerves II-VII was dissected in each case, fixed in formaline and inspected thoroughly under magnification. Injuries to the examined nerves were seen in 9 subjects. The oculomotor nerve was torn out of the midbrain unilaterally in 3 and bilaterally in 2 cases. In one patient only a portion of the superficial fibres on the medial aspect of the nerve was ripped out from the brainstem. In two patients the IV nerve was ruptured. The root of nerve V was contused in one case. Bilateral avulsion of the root of the VIth nerve from the brainstem was found in two cases. The initial segment of the facial nerve was crushed in two subjects. No visible injury to the ophthalmic nerves was found in any of the cases examined. The results suggest that cranial nerves related to the visual system are subject to serious injury in most cases of severe closed head trauma.
对12例在闭合性颅脑损伤后3天内死亡的患者进行了脑尸检。每例均解剖一段带有Ⅱ - Ⅶ脑神经颅内部分的脑干，固定于福尔马林中，并在显微镜下进行全面检查。9例受试者可见所检查神经的损伤。动眼神经单侧从中脑撕脱3例，双侧撕脱2例。1例患者仅神经内侧部分的浅表纤维从脑干撕脱。2例患者滑车神经断裂。1例患者三叉神经根部挫伤。2例患者双侧展神经根部从脑干撕脱。2例患者面神经起始段受压。在所检查的任何病例中均未发现眼神经有明显损伤。结果表明，在大多数严重闭合性颅脑创伤病例中，与视觉系统相关的脑神经会受到严重损伤。
