Spinelli D, Antonucci G, Daini R, Zoccolotti P
University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
Percept Psychophys. 1995 Aug;57(6):915-20. doi: 10.3758/bf03206806.
The role of local and global visual mechanisms in individual differences in the rod-and-frame (RF) effect was investigated. Field-dependent observes, selected on the basis of Witkin and Ash's (1948) classical procedure, were submitted to the small RF test (Coren & Holy, 1986). Four frame tilts and two gap sizes were used. As expected, direct effects (i.e., rod settings in the direction of frame tilt) were observed at small degrees of frame tilt, while indirect effects (i.e., rod settings in the direction opposite that of frame tilt) were observed at larger frame tilts. Field-dependent observers showed larger direct effects in the case of the small gap. Indirect effects were comparable in both field-dependent and field-independent subjects, regardless of gap size. Following the model proposed by Wenderoth and Johnstone (1987), these findings indicate that low-level visual mechanisms, responsible for local orientation interactions, have a different gain in field-dependent and field-independent individuals. In contrast, global visual mechanisms, presumably acting by means of long-range mechanisms, do not distinguish between these two subgroups.
研究了局部和全局视觉机制在棒框（RF）效应个体差异中的作用。根据威特金和阿什（1948）的经典程序挑选出的场依存型观察者，接受了小型RF测试（科伦和霍利，1986）。使用了四种框架倾斜度和两种间隙大小。正如预期的那样，在较小的框架倾斜度下观察到了直接效应（即棒的设置方向与框架倾斜方向一致），而在较大的框架倾斜度下观察到了间接效应（即棒的设置方向与框架倾斜方向相反）。在场依存型观察者中，小间隙情况下的直接效应更大。无论间隙大小如何，场依存型和场独立型受试者的间接效应相当。根据温德罗斯和约翰斯顿（1987）提出的模型，这些发现表明，负责局部方向相互作用的低水平视觉机制在场依存型和场独立型个体中有不同的增益。相比之下，可能通过长程机制起作用的全局视觉机制，在这两个亚组之间没有区分。
