Johnson E E, Hedley-Whyte J
J Appl Physiol. 1975 Dec;39(6):937-42. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1975.39.6.937.
Resistance to flow through the choledochoduodenal junction was measured during constant perfusion (0.8 ml saline/min). In eight dogs, intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (IPPV) and continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV) were compared. Pressure in the common bile duct was always higher during JPPV than IPPV. With the first application of CPPV the rate of intravenous fluid was adjusted to maintain constant Hct. Mean hepatic venous pressure (Phv) increased from 6.6 to 11.5 cmH2O (P less than 0.001). Mean pressure in the common bile duct increased (P less than 0.001) from 11.6 to 14.1 cmH2O. The average increase in resistance was 21%. Changes reversed with return to IPPV. During the second application of CPPV, intravenous fluid was increased to maintain constant arterial pressure. Phv increased to 12.8 cmH2O and pressure in the common bile duct increased to 15.0 cmH2O (30% increase). In four additional dogs, choledochoduodenal resistance during continuous CPPV was reduced by intravenous vasopressin, intravenous norepinephrine and intraducta phenylephrine. CPPV increases resistance to flow through the choledochoduodenal junction, probably by vascular engorgement.
在持续灌注（0.8毫升生理盐水/分钟）过程中测量通过胆总管十二指肠连接部的血流阻力。对8只狗比较了间歇性正压通气（IPPV）和持续正压通气（CPPV）。在JPPV期间胆总管压力总是高于IPPV。首次应用CPPV时，调整静脉输液速度以维持血细胞比容恒定。平均肝静脉压（Phv）从6.6厘米水柱升至11.5厘米水柱（P<0.001）。胆总管平均压力从11.6厘米水柱升至14.1厘米水柱（P<0.001）。阻力平均增加21%。恢复IPPV后变化逆转。第二次应用CPPV时，增加静脉输液以维持动脉压恒定。Phv升至12.8厘米水柱，胆总管压力升至15.0厘米水柱（增加30%）。在另外4只狗中，静脉注射血管加压素、静脉注射去甲肾上腺素和导管内注射去氧肾上腺素可降低持续CPPV期间的胆总管十二指肠阻力。CPPV可能通过血管充血增加通过胆总管十二指肠连接部的血流阻力。
