Ward J, Rogers N, Brown R, Jeffries G, Wright D
Design Engineering Research Centre, Cardiff Institute of Higher Education, Wales.
Biomed Sci Instrum. 1995;31:281-5.
We discuss the requirements of anthropometric and biomechanical data for specific application to the design of assistive devices and other products for elderly and disabled populations, including body size, shape, range of motion and strength data. We analyse available information and the practical and statistical problems involved in the collection of data from such populations. We comment on the different human interface design issues posed by various types of device and compare a task-specific approach to ergonomic analysis with the use of a generic biomechanical database. The specific requirements of a useful biomechanical data collection system intended to fulfil this need, and the conditions under which a practical system would have to operate are discussed. We review a range of available measurement techniques, including manual, mechanical, optical and electronic systems and discuss their relative fitness for the task in question. We propose an approach to the collection of multi-variable biomechanical data from the analysis of various tasks and discuss the use of computer models and other means of interpreting such data to make it available to product designers and engineers.
我们讨论了人体测量学和生物力学数据对于特定应用的要求，这些应用涉及为老年人和残疾人群体设计辅助设备及其他产品，包括身体尺寸、形状、活动范围和力量数据。我们分析了现有信息以及从这类人群中收集数据所涉及的实际和统计问题。我们评论了各类设备所引发的不同人机界面设计问题，并将特定任务的人体工程学分析方法与使用通用生物力学数据库的方法进行了比较。讨论了旨在满足这一需求的实用生物力学数据收集系统的具体要求，以及实际系统必须运行的条件。我们回顾了一系列可用的测量技术，包括手动、机械、光学和电子系统，并讨论了它们对相关任务的相对适用性。我们提出了一种从各种任务分析中收集多变量生物力学数据的方法，并讨论了使用计算机模型和其他解释此类数据的方法，以便将其提供给产品设计师和工程师。
