McAuley E, Bane S M, Rudolph D L, Lox C L
University of Illinois at Urbana, Champaign, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1995 Sep;50(5):P229-35. doi: 10.1093/geronb/50b.5.p229.
The present study examined the relationships among body composition, exercise participation, and physique anxiety in a sample of middle-aged, formerly sedentary males and females. Study variables were assessed prior to and following participation in a 20-week aerobic exercise program. Subjects reduced their weight, body fat, and body circumferences over the course of the program, as well as physique anxiety. Multivariate and hierarchical regression analyses revealed females and those subjects between 45 and 54 years to be significantly more physique-anxious than their older counterparts. Being female and failing to reduce hip circumference were significantly related to postprogram physique anxiety. Although those who exercised more frequently tended to be less physique-anxious in correlational analyses, exercise frequency was a nonsignificant predictor when controlling for body composition. Thus, it appears that body image is a concern across the female age spectrum rather than the sole province of undergraduate females.
本研究调查了一组中年、以前久坐不动的男性和女性样本中身体成分、运动参与度和体型焦虑之间的关系。在参与为期20周的有氧运动计划之前和之后，对研究变量进行了评估。在该计划过程中，受试者的体重、体脂和身体周长以及体型焦虑都有所降低。多变量和分层回归分析显示，女性以及45至54岁的受试者比年龄较大的受试者在体型焦虑方面显著更高。女性身份和未能减少臀围与计划后的体型焦虑显著相关。尽管在相关性分析中，运动频率较高的人往往体型焦虑程度较低，但在控制身体成分时，运动频率是一个不显著的预测因素。因此，似乎身体形象是整个女性年龄范围内的一个关注点，而不仅仅是本科女生的问题。
