Pier A C, Hodges A B, Lauze J M, Raisbeck M
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071, USA.
J Med Vet Mycol. 1995 Mar-Apr;33(2):93-7.
An inactivated, broad-spectrum dermatophyte vaccine was used to produce an active immunity in guinea-pigs against Microsporum canis. None of the vaccinates developed infection from a contact exposure challenge that produced clinical infections in 70% of the unvaccinated controls. Infection with M. canis induced antibody titres (ELISA) and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (DCH) reactions to itself as well as cross-reacting titres to Trichophyton equinum and T. mentagrophytes and DCH reactions to T. mentagrophytes; however vaccinated animals developed significantly higher antibody titres and DCH responses to all of these antigens than did non-vaccinated animals which had been infected or exposed. Rabbits hyperimmunized with culture filtrate antigens to single dermatophyte agents (M. canis, M. gypseum, T. equinum, and T. mentagrophytes) developed positive inter-species and inter-generic DCH cross-reactions to a battery of six skin test antigens (M. canis, M. gypseum, M. equinum, T. equinum, T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes and T. verrucosum). Guinea-pigs vaccinated with a T. equinum vaccine had increased resistance to M. canis infection than did non-vaccinated controls. These findings support clinical observations which suggest establishment of a broad-based immunity in animals following infection with a single dermatophyte.
一种灭活的广谱皮肤癣菌疫苗被用于在豚鼠中产生针对犬小孢子菌的主动免疫。在接触暴露挑战中，接种疫苗的动物均未发生感染，而该挑战在70%未接种疫苗的对照动物中引发了临床感染。犬小孢子菌感染诱导了针对自身的抗体滴度（ELISA法）和迟发型皮肤超敏反应（DCH），以及对马毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌的交叉反应滴度，和对须癣毛癣菌的DCH反应；然而，接种疫苗的动物对所有这些抗原产生的抗体滴度和DCH反应显著高于已感染或暴露的未接种疫苗的动物。用单一皮肤癣菌制剂（犬小孢子菌、石膏样小孢子菌、马毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌）的培养滤液抗原进行超免疫的兔子，对一组六种皮肤试验抗原（犬小孢子菌、石膏样小孢子菌、马小孢子菌、马毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌变种须癣毛癣菌和疣状毛癣菌）产生了阳性的种间和属间DCH交叉反应。接种马毛癣菌疫苗的豚鼠比未接种疫苗的对照动物对犬小孢子菌感染的抵抗力增强。这些发现支持了临床观察结果，即表明动物在感染单一皮肤癣菌后可建立广泛的免疫力。
