Bieligk S, Jaffe B M
Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 1995 Oct;75(5):1025-40. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)46744-7.
Pancreatic endocrine neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of tumors that produce active hormones and result in distinct clinical syndromes. For the most part, they are malignant and require sophisticated diagnostic and localization techniques in order to identify their presence. Delays in diagnosis are the rule rather than the exception. Improvements in the diagnosis of gastrinomas and insulinomas appear to result in an increase in resectability rates. The widespread availability of intraoperative ultrasonography, as well as improved knowledge of the location of these tumors, has also had an impact on improved cure rates. With heightened awareness of these syndromes, increasing numbers of patients can be identified and more effective treatments developed for the refractory and recurrent tumors.
胰腺内分泌肿瘤是一组异质性肿瘤，可产生活性激素并导致独特的临床综合征。在大多数情况下，它们是恶性的，需要复杂的诊断和定位技术来确定其存在。诊断延迟是常态而非例外。胃泌素瘤和胰岛素瘤诊断的改善似乎导致可切除率的提高。术中超声检查的广泛应用以及对这些肿瘤位置认识的提高，也对治愈率的提高产生了影响。随着对这些综合征认识的提高，可以识别出越来越多的患者，并为难治性和复发性肿瘤开发更有效的治疗方法。
