Peerson A
Nurs Inq. 1995 Jun;2(2):106-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1800.1995.tb00073.x.
Modernity as a concept or ideal, resulting from the age of Enlightenment and the French Revolution gave hope of a better future and new possibilities. To be modern means an 'enlightened' individual and society, welcoming change and development. In this paper, I will discuss Foucault's analysis (1973) of problematics in medicine in eighteenth century France. Three themes prominent in the text are: 'the birth of the clinic', 'the clinical gaze' and the power-knowledge relationship. Three problematics identified in modern medicine by Foucault and which are particularly relevant to twentieth century medicine are: (i) the extension of the clinical gaze from the individual body to the wider population; (ii) the increasing medical intervention and use of technology in fundamental life processes; and (iii) the relationship between society and medicine. I will argue that Foucault's analysis is fraught with ambiguities. It is useful, however, for establishing an explanation for medicine today and for presenting a particular interpretation of modernity.
作为一种概念或理想的现代性，源于启蒙运动和法国大革命时代，带来了对更美好未来和新可能性的希望。成为现代人意味着一个 “开明” 的个体和社会，欢迎变革与发展。在本文中，我将探讨福柯（1973）对18世纪法国医学问题的分析。文本中突出的三个主题是：“诊所的诞生”、“临床凝视” 和权力-知识关系。福柯在现代医学中识别出的、与20世纪医学特别相关的三个问题是：（i）临床凝视从个体身体向更广泛人群的扩展；（ii）在基本生命过程中医疗干预和技术使用的增加；以及（iii）社会与医学的关系。我将论证，福柯的分析充满了模糊性。然而，它对于为当今的医学确立一种解释以及呈现对现代性的一种特定诠释是有用的。
