Torres L C, Félix R, Canún S, Mazón J J
Servicio de Gineco-Obstetricia, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González SSA, México, D.F., México.
Ginecol Obstet Mex. 1995 Jul;63:282-6.
Epilepsy is the most frequent neurological disorder during pregnancy. Potential adverse actions of anticonvulsant drugs of fetal development are one of the main concerns of practitioners. In this paper we investigated the pregnancy complications and teratogenic effects of several anticonvulsant agents in 50 epileptic women and their newborns delivered at "Dr. Manuel Gea González" SSA General Hospital, among 1989 and 1992. A large number of these patients (78%) were treated with carbamazepine or phenytoin and 10% needed combined anticonvulsant therapy. Most had a normal vaginal delivery (76%) and only in 3 cases (6%) minor birth defects were observed. These anomalies included distal digital hypoplasia and ear flap abnormalities. Our results suggest that anticonvulsant drugs induce a few maternal and obstetric complications and have a moderate teratogenic risk, particularly seizures can be controlled by using a single antiepileptic drug.
癫痫是孕期最常见的神经系统疾病。抗惊厥药物对胎儿发育的潜在不良影响是从业者主要关注的问题之一。在本文中，我们调查了1989年至1992年间在“曼努埃尔·吉亚·冈萨雷斯医生”社会保障总医院分娩的50名癫痫女性及其新生儿中几种抗惊厥药物的妊娠并发症和致畸作用。这些患者中大量（78%）接受了卡马西平或苯妥英治疗，10%需要联合抗惊厥治疗。大多数患者顺产正常（76%），仅3例（6%）观察到轻微出生缺陷。这些异常包括远端指骨发育不全和耳廓异常。我们的结果表明，抗惊厥药物会引发一些母体和产科并发症，并有中度致畸风险，特别是使用单一抗癫痫药物可控制癫痫发作。
