Younis T A, Fayad M E, el Hariry M A, Morsy T A
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 1995 Aug;25(2):377-94.
From the medical point of view, the relation between man and rodents comes in the priority. Some rodent populations are wild but others are commensal and live in close association with man. They steal his food and conveying many zoonotic diseases. Their arthropod ectoparasites play an important role in conveying or transmitting these zoonotic diseases. Several disorders and diseases of man are tick borne relapsing fever, Rocky mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease, and many others. Besides numerous species of mites occasionally infest man. They transmit several diseases as Rickettsia tsutsugamushi fever, epidemic haemorrhagic fever, and they cause severe allergic reaction. The results obtained are summarized in the following (1) Six species and subspecies of rodents were detected. In a descending order of abundance, they were (a) Rattus norvegicus, (b) Rattus rattus alexandrinus (c) Rattus rattus frugivorous (d) Acomys cahirinus (e) Gerbillus gerbillus asyutensis (f) Mus m. praetextus. (2) The most common rodent was R. norvegicus and the least common was M. musculus. (3) The collected ticks and mites were 2 genera of tick larvae; Rhipicephalus species and Hyalomma species. The collected mites were Ornithonyssus bacoti and Laelaps nuttali. (4) Most of the tick larvae were collected from wild rodents; Gerbillus g. asyutensis. (5) Most of the mites were collected from commensal rodents particularly R. norvegicus. Descriptive morphology and illustrations were given to the collected rodents and their acari ectoparasites.
从医学角度来看，人与啮齿动物的关系最为重要。一些啮齿动物种群是野生的，但其他一些是共生的，与人类密切生活在一起。它们偷人类的食物，并传播许多人畜共患病。它们的节肢动物外寄生虫在传播这些人畜共患病方面起着重要作用。人类的几种疾病是蜱传回归热、落基山斑疹热、莱姆病等等。此外，还有许多种类的螨虫偶尔会侵扰人类。它们传播多种疾病，如恙虫病立克次体热、流行性出血热，还会引起严重的过敏反应。所得结果总结如下：(1) 检测到六种啮齿动物及其亚种。按丰度降序排列，它们分别是：(a) 褐家鼠，(b) 埃及黑家鼠，(c) 食果家鼠，(d) 刺巢鼠，(e) 阿氏沙鼠，(f) 黑家鼠指名亚种。(2) 最常见的啮齿动物是褐家鼠，最不常见的是小家鼠。(3) 采集到的蜱和螨为蜱幼虫的两个属；璃眼蜱属和硬蜱属。采集到的螨为柏氏禽刺螨和纳氏厉螨。(4) 大多数蜱幼虫采自野生啮齿动物阿氏沙鼠。(5) 大多数螨采自共生啮齿动物，尤其是褐家鼠。对采集到的啮齿动物及其螨类外寄生虫进行了形态描述并配有插图。
