Long E G, Christie J D
Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Clin Lab Med. 1995 Jun;15(2):307-31.
For the foreseeable future, light microscopy will continue to be the method of choice for diagnosing gastrointestinal parasites. However, in selected circumstances, the use of commercially available immunofluorescent kits will supersede the use of routine light microscopy for diagnosis of Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum. These techniques may used to diagnose invasive amebic infections caused by E. histolytica in the future. Pooling stool samples from the same or even different patients may offer a means to process specimens in a more efficient and cost-effective manner without lowering the predictive value of an ova and parasite examination. Although we suggest that, with some exceptions, stools for ova and parasite examination should not be accepted past the fourth day of hospitalization, we cannot recommend the use of a single stool sample for diagnosis without extensive studies in individual parasitology laboratories. Techniques have still not been developed for the optimum methods of concentration of stool for diagnosis of coccidian infections. For most laboratories, the diagnosis of microsporidian infections remains problematic because of the lack of a commercial source for oocysts to provide positive control material. (Note: There is now a commercial source for oocysts available.)
在可预见的未来，光学显微镜仍将是诊断胃肠道寄生虫的首选方法。然而，在特定情况下，使用市售免疫荧光试剂盒将取代常规光学显微镜用于诊断蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫和微小隐孢子虫。这些技术未来可能用于诊断溶组织内阿米巴引起的侵袭性阿米巴感染。将来自同一患者甚至不同患者的粪便样本合并，可能提供一种更高效且具成本效益的标本处理方式，同时又不降低虫卵和寄生虫检查的预测价值。尽管我们建议，除某些例外情况外，住院第四天之后不应接受用于虫卵和寄生虫检查的粪便样本，但在没有在各个寄生虫学实验室进行广泛研究的情况下，我们不能推荐使用单个粪便样本进行诊断。目前仍未开发出用于诊断球虫感染的最佳粪便浓缩方法。对于大多数实验室而言，由于缺乏提供阳性对照材料的卵囊商业来源，微孢子虫感染的诊断仍然存在问题。（注意：现在有卵囊的商业来源。）
