Calsamiglia S, Stern M D, Firkins J L
Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1995 Jun;73(6):1819-27. doi: 10.2527/1995.7361819x.
Eight dual flow continuous culture fermenters were used in four replicated periods to study the effects of protein supplements on ruminal fermentation and CP digestion. A basal diet was supplemented with isonitrogenous amounts of urea and tryptone (control; CTRL), soybean meal (SBM), lignosulfonate-treated SBM (LSBM), corn gluten meal (CGM), blood meal (BM), hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM), fish meal (FM), or meat and bone meal (MBM). Digestion of DM, OM, and carbohydrates was not affected by treatment. Ammonia N concentration was highest (P < .05) for CTRL and lowest (P < .05) for LSBM, CGM, BM, HFM, and FM. Nonammonia N flow was lowest (P < .05) for CTRL. Dietary N flow was lowest (P < .05) for CTRL, intermediate for SBM, and highest (P < .05) for LSBM, CGM, BM, HFM, FM, and MBM. Total N flow, bacterial N flow, and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis were not affected by treatment. Protein degradation was highest (P < .05) for CTRL. Flow of total amino acids (AA) was lowest (P < .05) for CTRL, SBM, and MBM. Diets containing BM provided the largest (P < .05) amounts of essential AA and lysine, and FM provided the largest (P < .05) amounts of methionine in fermenter effluent. Supplementation of diets with proteins low in ruminal degradability increased flows of nonammonia N, dietary N, and total and essential AA and modified the AA profile flowing out of fermenters.
使用八个双流连续培养发酵罐，在四个重复期内研究蛋白质补充剂对瘤胃发酵和粗蛋白消化的影响。基础日粮补充等氮量的尿素和胰蛋白胨（对照；CTRL）、豆粕（SBM）、木质素磺酸盐处理的豆粕（LSBM）、玉米蛋白粉（CGM）、血粉（BM）、水解羽毛粉（HFM）、鱼粉（FM）或肉骨粉（MBM）。干物质、有机物和碳水化合物的消化不受处理的影响。氨氮浓度在CTRL组最高（P < 0.05），在LSBM、CGM、BM、HFM和FM组最低（P < 0.05）。非氨氮流量在CTRL组最低（P < 0.05）。日粮氮流量在CTRL组最低（P < 0.05），SBM组居中，LSBM、CGM、BM、HFM、FM和MBM组最高（P < 0.05）。总氮流量、细菌氮流量和微生物蛋白质合成效率不受处理的影响。蛋白质降解在CTRL组最高（P < 0.05）。总氨基酸（AA）流量在CTRL、SBM和MBM组最低（P < 0.05）。含BM的日粮在发酵罐流出物中提供的必需氨基酸和赖氨酸量最大（P < 0.05），FM提供的蛋氨酸量最大（P < 0.05）。用瘤胃降解性低的蛋白质补充日粮增加了非氨氮、日粮氮以及总氨基酸和必需氨基酸的流量，并改变了从发酵罐流出的氨基酸谱。
