Froehlich J C
Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202, USA.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1995;56 Suppl 7:15-23.
The realization that alcoholism is, in part, genetically determined has raised important questions regarding the nature of what is inherited when one inherits a predisposition toward high alcohol drinking. Rodent lines that have been selectively bred for high alcohol intake are excellent models of alcohol dependency. These animal models can be used to identify heritable biological characteristics that are associated with, and may be causally related to, high alcohol drinking and to investigate the efficacy of pharmacologic, environmental, and behavioral agents that have the potential to alter alcohol drinking behavior. In this paper, I review evidence that the endogenous opioid system plays an important role in mediating genetic differences in alcohol drinking behavior.
酗酒在一定程度上由基因决定，这一认识引发了一些重要问题，即当一个人遗传了对大量饮酒的易感性时，所遗传的到底是什么性质的东西。为高酒精摄入量而进行选择性培育的啮齿动物品系是酒精依赖的优秀模型。这些动物模型可用于识别与高酒精摄入量相关且可能存在因果关系的可遗传生物学特征，并研究有可能改变饮酒行为的药物、环境和行为因素的功效。在本文中，我回顾了内源性阿片系统在介导饮酒行为遗传差异中起重要作用的证据。
